However, this therapy faces significant limitations including regulatory challenges, high cost, and the absence of public cell banks. The administration of pathogen-specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTLs) has demonstrated minimal toxicity and efficacy in combating infections such as Cytomegalovirus, Adenovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, BK Virus, and Aspergillus. Traditional antiviral and antifungal medications often pose significant toxicity risks, exhibit limited efficacy, and can lead to long-term resistance development. Furthermore, EBV-specific AIM ACT cells exhibit functional activity, showcasing antigen-specific cytotoxicity and cytokine profile.Immunocompromised individuals are highly vulnerable to opportunistic infections and malignancies. The final AIM ACT formulations consists of a mixture of CD3+/CD4+ T cells, predominantly targeting various antigens from EBV, HTLV-1, or HPV, with over 90% of these T cells exhibiting the memory phenotype. present preclinical findings demonstrating the efficacy of this approach in expanding CD8 + T cells targeting viral antigens associated with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1), as well as high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18, utilizing healthy donor cells. Following a 14-day expansion period, the AIM nanoparticles are removed, and the AIM ACT therapy is prepared for infusion into patients. Subsequently, CD8 + T cells are enriched using paramagnetic AIM nanoparticles, which serve as artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) to amplify CD8 + T cells targeting key viral antigens. In AIM ACT, the initial step involves collecting leukapheresis material from the patient. This innovative approach utilizes AIM nanoparticles and is applicable to patients suffering from infections such as Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1), human papillomavirus (HPV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). present a novel immunotherapy strategy for against viral diseases, termed Artificial Immune Modulation Adoptive Cell Therapy (AIM ACT). Immunotherapeutic efforts to enhance antiviral immunity have been applied for quite some time, however, the present strategies need improvement to harness full potential of immunotherapy.

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